61. ?burd = imitative of the drone of a bee (JS-45-46).

It is not surprising that the sense of flying and hovering of the bees is implicit in the meaning of this root. The DR. seed-words are pari = flying (4020-Ka); paru = flying (Ka); para = to fly, hover, flutter, be greatly agitated, move with celerity [[as the drone of a bee]] (Ta); and in the same group 4020, we have parame = the large black bee (Ka); paravai = bee (Ta). Note also buru or burr = imitation of the sound produced by a bird rising suddenly [[by the bees, in this context] (4329-Ka); burrane = with the sound of burr (Ka); barrane = with a whir or sudden and noisy vibration of wings [[of the bees]] (Ka); burru = the noise of a bird’s wings in flying (Tu).

62. ca = imitative; cackle (JS-47).

Note that c was not there in early alphabets. Its sound was expressed either by k or by s (JS-47).

JS states ca = imitative, cackle on page 47, and refers to another IE root-word coc = rooster’s call which is on page 51. These IE roots are fused with DR. seed-words such as ka = the cawing of crows (1425-Ka); kokku = cackling (2031-Ma); kokkuka = to cackle (as a hen) (Ma); kokkok ennu = to cackle or cluck as a hen (Ka); kakaring = to cackle (Br); kokkari = cluck, cackle (as goose) (Ta). Note that JS-47 points out the derived English word quack, French crane: cluck; caneton = male duckling. It is important to observe that we have been witnessing the meaning or meanings of the Indo-European words which are also denoted (in many instances almost word by word) by their corresponding Dravidian seed-words. Here, note that JS points out the words quack, cluck and duck, and the DR. seed-words denote, cluck, cackling, and goose.

63. caca = defecate, feces (JS-47).

In DR. Kannada the word kakka is a nursery word used to denote: human feces, filth. This popular Kannada word which is used even by adults when speaking to children is not listed in DED, but note that another Kannada word kakku (which is not a nursery word denotes: to vomit, vomiting, vomit (1079-Ka). Its related words are kakku = to vomit, eject [[as vomit or feces]] (Ta); kakkuka = to vomit (Ma); kak- = to vomit (To); kak = to vomit (Ga). The relationship between kakka = feces, and kakku = vomit is that they are both filthy and thrown out or ejected out of the body. In view of the fact that kakka = feces is a DR. nursery word used in training babies to go to stool, it is not surprising that JS notes that cacca is used in baby training in Indo-European. Note that Greek rhupos = filth relates to DR. erubu = dung (813-Ka).

64. cal = good, good-looking (JS-47-48).

Note that the derived word in Greek is kallos = beauty. The DR. seed-word of this root is kolam = beauty (2240-Ma; Ta).

65. cub, qeb = to be lying down (JS- 51).

The DR. seed-word of this IE root are ke = to lie down, repose (1990-Ka); ke.p = to make (child) to sleep (Kol).

66. cucu = imitation of the bird’s call (JS-51-52).

JS points out that cuckoo is a derived word of this IE root. The DR. seed-word here is kukil = cuckoo, to cry as a cuckoo (1764-Ka). The DR. element ku relates to imitation of the call or crying of more than one bird. For instance, ku = cooing, as of dove (1868-Ta); kuvu = to crow, sream (as a peacock), call out, cry (as a cuckoo or birds in general) (Ta). Note also ku = to call (Ka); kuku = a cry (Ka); ku.g = to call (Kol); kuy- = (cock) crows (Kol); kuk- = to call (Konda; Pe).

67. cura, coir = care (JS-52).

The DR. seed-word of this IE root is in such words as karutal = care (1283-Ma); karuttu = care (Ma).

68. dei, deye, di, dia = bright, to shine (Pei-211-12).