163. kel V = to prick (JS-165).

The DR. seed-words of this IE root are kuli = to pierce (as an arrow) (1833-Ta); kolutu = to drill through, rend, tear (2148-Ta); kuli = to make a hole [[prick]] (1818-Ka).

164. kel VI = hollow, to cover, hide (JS-165-68).

The DR. seed-words of this root are kuli = hollow (1818-Ma); kula = what is hollow (Ma). Note that one of the derived words is color, and that in DR. one of the words which denotes color is kolam = color (2240-Ta). Kel VI also denotes: to hide. Here, note that kolam in Tamil also denotes: costume [[which hides the body]] (2240-Ta); and in Malayalam it denotes: figure (chiefly of masks, dresses) (Ma). Note also that Hel, the name of Norse goddess of the dead, is ascribed to this root kel VI and that in DR. kali = to die, expire (1356-Ta); kali = to go or be removed very far, pass away, end, die (Ka). This root kel VI has yielded the name Hel due to the phonetic correspondence between initial k and initial h in Dravidian which is carried on in Indo-European as k becomes h in Gothic (see the previous chapter).

165. kel VII = to speed, drive, crowd (JS-168).

Pei-138 defines this root as to hasten, drive cattle, and JS-168 defines the derived Germanic word hold as first, drive cattle, and then tend, then keep. That JS points out cattle in this context is not without significance, because in DR. kali denotes: cow, cattle, she baffalo (1479-Ma). Note also that crowd is one of the meanings of this root and that in DR. kul = to crowd together, assemble, muster (1915-Ta); kulu = assembly, herd, flock (1821-Ta); kulam = crowd, herd (Ta); kulumu = to collect in large numbers (men, animals) (Ta). Note that the derived Greek word klonus denotes: crowd (JS-168). Here, note that in DR. kolu = royal presence, durbar [[royal court]], presence of the deity in a temple (2151-Ta). Note also that kalai = disperse (as an assembly, a defeated army (1311-Ta); kalayuka = to disperse (as a mob) [[drive away]] (Ma); kalayikka = to drive away birds [[cattele, men, etc.,]] (Ma); kalayu = to be dissolved or broken up (assembly) (Te).

166. kel VIII, (s)kel = cut, divide (JS-168-69).

AS JS points out in this context, the roots kau = strike, cut; and ker III = scratch, separate, etc., are intertwined with this root. There is as usual more than one DR. seed- word which is involved here, but in view of the fact that Latin scalpare and such words as scalp, scapel, etc., are derived from this root, the emphasis is on the meanings dealing with cutting, cleaving, etc., of the flesh, as in surgery. In DR. kili denotes: not only to to lacerate but to cut, split, rend, tear, rip up, scratch (1581-Ta); kol = wound (2152-Ma); kil = to rend, tear, split, part, portion, section (1622-Ta). Note that the derived Greek word khleros denotes: a chip cut off for casting lots, and that klon = twig (JS-168). Here, note that in DR. koluntu = tender twig (2149-Ta). Note that the word sakala- = piece, fragment, used in Sanskrit has genetic connection with DR. (see at the end of 2748 where there are listed such DR. words as sakke =chip (2748-Ka); sekk- = to chip, scrape (Nk); sekali = to scrape (with a hoe) (Kuwi); seka = piece (Kuwi)).

167. kel IX = dispute, deceive (JS-170).

There are a number of DR. seed-words with which this IE root is genetically connected, but the main ones are kali = dissension, strife, war (1303-Ta); kalampuka = to quarrel (Ma); kalaku = to agitate, disturb, perturb (Ka); kal = deceit, falsehood (1372-Ka); kalavu = theft, lie, cheat (Ma); kalu = false, untrue, fraud, cheating, lie (Tu); kallari = a lier, deceiver, cheat, rogue (Te). Note that the word khala = rogue, used in Sanskrit has genetic relationship with DR. (see at the end of 1372).

168. kelp, (s)kelp = to grasp (JS-169).

Among the many seed-words of this IE root let us note the Kannada kol or koluha = seizing, preying, taking (2151-Ka); kol = holding, taking (Ta); kolka = to hold, contain (Ma); kol = to seize, take away, take, obtain (Ka); sikkuni = to be caught, seized, obtained, ensnared (2498-Tu); soku = to catch (2870-Ka).

169. kem I = cover (JS-169).