213. kreu = blood, bloody, raw meat (Pei-183-84); bloody, raw flesh, cruel, cold, freezing (JS-194).

The DR. seed-word of kreu is kuruti which denotes: blood (1788-Ta; Ma). In view of the fact that this root is also defined as bloody, raw meat, note that in DR. karame = an ulcer [[which is bloody]] (1273-Ka); karampe = wound [[which is raw]] (Tu); karem or karam = wound, boil, sore (Go); krembu = sore, wound (Kui); kiru = gash (1624-Ta); kir = a wound (Go); kari = meat (raw or boiled) (1391-Ta). The involvement of blood and raw meat has a connotation of cruelty and/or uncomfortable circumstances. It is, therefore, in order that JS-194 defines this root also as cruel. Here, note that in DR. karumai or karil = cruelty, severity (1265-Ta). In light of the fact that words such as crude, crudity, etc., are ascribed to this root, note that in DR. karadu =that is rough, unpolished [[crude]] (1265-Ka); kargota = hard-heartednes (Tu); karusu = rough, harsh, harsh words (Te); karati = brutish, villanous (Te). The sense of coldnes which this root denotes is denoted by the DR. seed-words such as karp = keennes or harshnes (of wind); (1265-Ko); kor = coldnes (2168-Ko); kore = to pierce (as cold) (Ka); koreta = the piercing cold (ka); korale = cold (Tu); koring = cold (Go); kharra = frost.

214. kreup = to become encrusted (JS-194).

Note that JS says that this root is probably an extension of the root kreu = blood, bloody, raw meat, etc., and that scab is in the picture denoting encrusted skin such as on a wound. The DR. seed-words of this IE root are keraku which denotes: scab (1560-Ka); kerani = a kind of scab (Tu); kere-meyi = a scaly skin (Tu).

215. krup = conceal (JS-194).

The DR. seed-word of this root is karappu = concealing, hiding (1258-Ma). Note that the word kharpara- = thief used in Sanskrit is genetically related to DR.; (see at the end of 1258).

216. ksei = ruler, rule (JS-194).

The Dravidain seed-word of this Indo-European root is kosu which denotes: king [[ruler]] (2177-Ga).

217. ksero = dry (JS-194-95).

JS points out the derived Greek xeros as one of the derived words of this root. Here, note that the DR. seed-word xaixairna (xai reduplicated) which denotes: to become quite dry, parched (1458-Kur). Also note xayna = to loose moisture, dry up (Kur). In this context JS also points out the word xerox, the machine for dry production.

218. kuei II = make, form (JS-196).

Note that JS renders w as u (see under JS-xxx), while Pei retains w. Note also that Pei states that in IE kw has lost w in all branches (it becomes hw, w in Gothic) except in Latin where it is represented by qu (Pei-23). Here, note that this significant element kw occurs in Dravidian even to this day; (Toda has about a hundred words beginning with kw which are listed in DED-587). Also note that even to this day there are Dravidian words which begin with q; (there are about 120 words beginning with q in Malto listed in DED-755).

Further note that in Dravidian kw has largely corresponded with k as in the examples Kwala.l = kota smithy (2133-To) : kole.l = smithy (Ko); kwaly = murder (2132-To) : kol = murder (Ka); kwalp = fat (2146-To) : kolu = fat (Ta); kwar = mud (2123-To) : kor = mud (Ko). In fact, there are examples which illustrate that not only kw has corresponded with k but with q and p (note that kw normally becomes p in Greek). For instance, kwitk- to tap (on door, something with stick) (2063-To) : kotk- = to knock on (door) (Ko) : qote = to break, knock (Malt) : patapata (pata reduplicated) = noise made in breaking (3842-Tu). And as in kwiy- = to pluck (fruits) (2119-To) : koy = to pluck (as fruits) (Ka) : quoye = to reap (Malt) : puy = to be pulled out (4281-Ta) : puyk- = to pluck (Pa).

The DR. seed-words of this IE root are key or kai = to make, perform, do (1957-Ka); key- = to make (Ma); kiy- = make (To); ki- =to make (Go). Note that the derived Greek word poiein denotes: make, and that in DR. pannu denotes: to make, effect, produce (3884-Ta); pony = work (To); pannu = to make ready, equip, prepare (Ka); pani = work, labor, act, deed, workmanship, art (Te); pannu = to contrive, design, plan, invent, be ready, make ready (Te); panikkan = artificer, wiorkman (Ma).

219. kuei III = restfulnes (JS-196).

The Dravidian seed-word of this Indo-European root is ke which denotes: to repose, lie down [[rest]] (1990-Ka).

220. kueis = Imitative (JS-196-97).

Note that one of the derived words is whisper. The DR. seed-word of this root is kusa or kusu or kisu = a sound imitating whispering (frequently reduplicated) (1638-Ka). Also note kusukusu (kusu reduplicated) = whispering (Tu); kusay = in a low voice (Go); kuskusa vark- = to whisper (Go). Further note that in colloquial Kannada kusukusu (kusu reduplicated) is an expresion signifying whining or complaining, and that the word whine is one of the derived words of this root. This Kannada colloquial expresion is not listed in DED. Note that kw becomes p in Greek and that in Dravidian pisi (often reduplicated as pisipisi) = a sound in imitation of whispering (KTK-986).

221. kuel = turn, revolve (JS-197).