315. pel III = basin (JS-295).

This IE root has one of those DR. seed-words which takes us back to more ancient times. Before earthen and wooden and later on metallic basins came to be used, there were basins made of leaves. Even to this day, many times leaf containers are used in India to hold things such as sweets and leaf-plates are used just as often as metallic plates. In DR. pulle denotes: platter made of leaves (4554-Te). There are also other DR. seed-words such as pallayi = earthen dish (4017-Tu); pallayam = basin, dish (Ma); palyamu = plate (Te).

316. pel IV = push, drive, beat (JS-295).

Note the DR. seed-word poylu = beating, striking (4534-Ka). Also note palunku = to push, strike or dash against (4011-Ka).

317. pel V, ple = full, much , many (JS-295-96).

Note the derived Greek words are polos = much; plethos = many. The DR. seed-words of this IE root are pala = much, many, several (3987-Ka); palu = many, several, various (Te); pala = many, several (Ta). Note also that the root has given rise to such words as plebiscite connoting a sense of the involvement of people. Here, note that in DR. palar denotes: many or several persons, assembly, society (3987-Ta).

318. pela, plak, plat = spread out, flat, broad, smooth (JS-297).

Note that JS points out that one of the derived words is Greek pelagos = flat spread of the inland sea. Here note the DR. seed-word pay = to spread (as water, darkness, light); spreading, extension (4088-Ta); pah- = to spread (Kuwi). Note also that JS points out another derived word in Greek plagios = a net, and that in Dravidian pal = net (5288-To). Plate is another derived word of this root. Here, note that palyamu = plate (4017-Te); pallayi = earthen dish (Tu); pallayam = dish, basin (Ma). Yet another derived word in Greek is planasthai = spread, wander. Here, note that in DR. palayu = to wander, move about (4320-Te).

319. pele = high place especially one that is fortified (JS-299-300).

This IE root is entwined with many DR. seed-words the meanings of some of which make us realize the fact that a fortified place first begins as a settlement, a hamlet or a village. Note that JS points out that this root as pur occurs in many place-names in India, and as poly in such names of cities as Constantinople, Minneapolis, etc. Some of the DR. seed-words of this IE root are palli = settlement, abode, hamlet, village (4018-Ka); palli = hamlet, herdsman’s village, temple, hermitage, sleeping place, workshop, school, room, palace (Ta); palli = hut, small settlement of jungle tribes, public building, royal couch (Ma); palli = hut, village (Te); palli = village. Note that palli is a suffix which is used in combination with hundreds of Indian placenames. Note that the words palli-, pallika- which are used in Sanskrit are of Dravidian origin (see at the end of group 4018). Once again the proof of the place-names testify to the Dravidian identity of the common source of Indo-European. Note also that according to the phonetic correspondence between p and h, palli becomes halli and that there are literally hundreds of place-names in Kannada with the suffix halli in them. As we noted in the last chapter of this work this Dravidian correspondence between initial p and initial h has left its imprint on Indo-European where p becomes h in Armenian. This Dravidian Kannada word halli which denotes: vilage (as does its other form palli noted above) is often pronounced as alli by villagers and it is considered by the city-dwelling Kannada people as "uncivilized". But the fact is that the word palli (halli) pronounced as alli is perfectly all right according to another Dravidian phonetic correspondence which is that initial p often disappears in Dravidian. This Dravidian phonetic phenomenon also has left its imprint on Indo-European where p disappears in Celtic. The so-called uncivilized pronunciation of palli as alli by the Kannada villagers is after all a lesson to the so-called civilized Kannada city-dwellers in Dravidian phonetic phenomena! It also goes to show the endurance of Dravidian as a linguistic phenomenon.

320. pend, (s)pen(d) = stretch, spin, hang, weigh (JS-300-01); (s)pend, (s)pond = to draw, spin, stretch, pour out (Pei-193-95).

The connotation of spinning the thread is pointed out by the derived Germanic forms of this root which denote: spin, spindle, etc. Note here that in DR. penu denotes: to twist two or three single threads into a thick thread (4160(a)-Te); pane = to intertwine, twist, plait, braid (Ka); pandana = to roll and twist together filaments into threads (4207-Kur). That the root also denotes: pour out, can be seen when we note the DR. seed-words pon- = to flow (4470-Go); pon- = to be spilled (Go); pani = to flow out (4035-Ta).

321. pent = go, go along, come upon (JS-301-02).

The DR. seed-words of this root are pont- = to go on, proceed (4594-Ta); ponn- = to come, go along (Ma). Note that the words path and pathway are derived from this root and that in DR. punta = path or road for cattle (4317-Te).

322. perd = fart (JS-310).

The DR. seed-word of this IE root is pur = sound in imitation of breaking wind, of easing nature (4329-Ka).The other root ?borbor = partly imitative, filth, which has given rise to such words as borborygmus = rumbling of the bowels, has its seed-word in DR. bura (often reduplicated in Kannada as bur-bur) = imitation of the sound produced by breaking wind (4329-Ka). Both of these DR. seed-words pur and bura are listed in the same group 4329, and show the correspondence between initial b and initial p in Dravidian who has left her imprint on her offspring: Indo-European.

323. perk = entreat, pray (JS-311-12).

The DR. seed-words of this IE root are parake = beseeching (3951-Tu); parkym = prayer (Ko).

324. ?pers = mask (JS-312).